{"type_number":"AZ11","canonical_url":"https://tubeofile.com/tubes/AZ11","manufacturer":"Telefunken","tube_type_key":"rectifier","tube_type_display_name":"Rectifier","base_name":"Y8A","description":"Directly heated full-wave vacuum rectifier designed by Telefunken for power supply applications in European AC mains receivers. Uses a 4V directly heated cathode and a German steel Y8A base. Introduced in 1938 as a successor to earlier Telefunken rectifier designs.","is_directly_heated":true,"completeness":"high","notes":["The product of doubled transformer voltage and rectified current must not exceed 60,000 VA (same limit as AZ1).","Maximum alternating anode voltage: 2 x 500 Veff under normal conditions with reduced current.","German steel Y8A base — not compatible with Octal, P8A, or Rimlock bases.","Widely used in German radios — found in approximately 1,394 documented radio models.","Peak Inverse Voltage is not explicitly stated in the Telefunken/Philips AZ11 datasheet; PIV=1414 V is derived from the standard full-wave capacitor-input relation PIV = 2 × √2 × Va_max (500 Vrms). Matches the convention used for AZ12, UU4, UU5, EZ41 in this repo.","Vdrop=30 V is read from the Telefunken AZ11 single-plate I/V characteristic (Ia je Anode = f(Ua), Uf=4V) at 60 mA per plate (= Idc_max 120 mA / 2 for full-wave). The datasheet does not state a discrete Vdrop value."],"references":["https://frank.pocnet.net/sheets/030/a/AZ11.pdf","https://frank.pocnet.net/sheets/076/a/AZ11.pdf"],"source_urls":{"r_type":null,"tdsl":"https://tdsl.duncanamps.com/show.php?des=AZ11","radiomuseum":"https://www.radiomuseum.org/tubes/tube_az11.html"},"raw_equivalents":["AZ11N"],"equivalents":[{"type_number":"AZ11N","equivalence_type":"direct","notes":null}],"similar":[{"type_number":"AZ1","reason":"Similar Philips rectifier but different base (P8A) — not pin-compatible","has_detail_page":true},{"type_number":"AZ41","reason":"Rimlock-based successor introduced in 1947","has_detail_page":true}],"pins":[{"pin_number":"1","function":"No Connection","function_code":"nc","notes":null},{"pin_number":"2","function":"Heater","function_code":"h","notes":null},{"pin_number":"3","function":"Anode 1 (Plate 1)","function_code":"a1","notes":null},{"pin_number":"4","function":"No Connection","function_code":"nc","notes":null},{"pin_number":"5","function":"No Connection","function_code":"nc","notes":null},{"pin_number":"6","function":"Heater","function_code":"h","notes":null},{"pin_number":"7","function":"Anode 2 (Plate 2)","function_code":"a2","notes":null},{"pin_number":"8","function":"No Connection","function_code":"nc","notes":null}],"specs":[{"key":"Vh","display_name":"Heater Voltage","value":"4","numeric_value":"4","unit":"V","param_group":"heater"},{"key":"Ah","display_name":"Heater Current","value":"1.1","numeric_value":"1.1","unit":"A","param_group":"heater"}],"sections":[{"section_number":1,"section_label":"Rectifier","tube_type_key":"rectifier","specs":[{"key":"Va_max","display_name":"Anode Voltage (max)","value":"500","numeric_value":"500","unit":"V","param_group":"absolute_max"},{"key":"PIV","display_name":"Peak Inverse Voltage","value":"1414","numeric_value":"1414","unit":"V","param_group":"rectifier"},{"key":"Vdrop","display_name":"Voltage Drop (typical)","value":"30","numeric_value":"30","unit":"V","param_group":"rectifier"},{"key":"C_max","display_name":"Max C-input Filter Capacitor","value":"60","numeric_value":"60","unit":"µF","param_group":"rectifier"},{"key":"Idc_max","display_name":"Max DC Output Current (total, not per-anode)","value":"120","numeric_value":"120","unit":"mA","param_group":"rectifier"}]}],"synced_at":"2026-04-09T05:17:59.977Z"}